It has been observed that there is a global decline in the number of students studying subjects like science, technology, engineering, and maths, known as STEM subjects. There are many factors leading to this alarming trend that has affected society on different levels.

This trend stems from several factors, two of which are the loss of interest in the subject and the perception that there are limited career options. The fact that science-related subjects are taught in high school with an overemphasis on theory, and that it lacks hands-on laboratory experiments, is one of the main factors contributing to the decline in participation in STEM subjects. This is because students studying a deep, complex subject like biology or physics need to witness firsthand its practical applications in order to spark their interest. Therefore, in the absence of adequate experimentation, science may appear to be incredibly dull and tedious. Moreover, limited career options and job openings could be another main factor influencing students' academic pursuits. The number of job opportunities, and associated pay rates in other fields, such as marketing, IT, and legal counsel, can be markedly higher, while jobs in STEM fields are most often found in university settings and struggle to attract sufficient funding.

This worrying trend has affected society on both national and global levels. Regarding the effects on a given nation's economic growth, a shortage in the scientific workforce hinders their ability to continually innovate, which is vital for the development of new technologies and industries. This highlights the importance of science education in maintaining a nation’s competitiveness in international markets. On a global scale, the most successful countries, such as the United States, the United Kingdom and Japan, are those that promote science in education. Furthermore, the world today is facing unprecedented challenges like record-breaking temperatures and worldwide wildfire crisis, and science-based solutions are urgently needed to face them. Without having enough students choosing to study subjects in STEM fields, this could prove to be an impossible task.

In summary, the decrease in the number of science majors worldwide is caused by the lack of interest in the subject and job opportunities. Societies both nationally and internationally will face serious challenges if there are not enough scientists in the future. It is vital for the government to have specific policies that could potentially address this problem. (392 words)

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